Baby Nappy Rash

Many mothers find that, once they start introducing their baby to a mixed diet, the baby's bowel movements change and in some cases nappy rash may result. Some babies become a little constipated when starting solids, while others have loose and frequent motions. The baby's digestive system needs time to adjust to new foods and also the bacteria present in the baby's gut tend to change when other substances are introduced. Mothers who have so far breast- fed their babies may find nappy rash becomes a problem when they introduce formula milk.

The most common form of nappy rash is caused by bacteria in the baby's bowel movements attacking substances in the baby's urine, to produce ammonia. This powerful alkali may smell very strong or even make your eyes water when you change the baby's nappy, and it will certainly inflame the baby's skin. If the skin gets sore and broken, it can be very difficult to cure, so prompt action is necessary as soon as the nappy rash starts to prevent it getting any worse.

Thrush is another cause of persistent nappy rash. This is a fungus which can also live in the baby's gut and which causes a characteristic raised red rash, which may resist all treatment. It is possible to see the fungus as a white substance on the skin, but you may mistake it for zinc and castor oil cream or any other cream you are using to clear up the rash. If your baby has thrush, a doctor will prescribe a fungicidal cream.

Some babies have very sensitive skin and may be allergic either to the washing powder or fabric conditioner you are using, or to nappy softeners - or even to the substances used to perfume disposable nappies. If you think this could be the cause, try changing the brand of disposable nappies or change your washing powder to a non- biological one. Some mothers find that nappy rash is less of a risk with terry nappies or you can now buy ultra-dry types of disposables.

It's a good idea to leave your baby to kick without a nappy at some changing times to allow the air to get to her skin. Remember not to leave her unattended on a raised changing mat - put the mat on the floor where you can watch her.
It helps to change the baby's nappy frequently, never leaving her for long in a wet or dirty nappy. If you can let her kick for a while without a nappy on, perhaps on a towel or a terry nappy on a waterproof mat, that will also help. (The baby's skin can otherwise easily stick to a plastic mat, especially on hot days.) The bacteria which cause the problem do not survive well if exposed to air.

If leaving the baby without a nappy on makes too much mess, then try using a thin muslin nappy without plastic pants for a time, which will allow air to reach the skin. Always wash the baby's bottom well and dry it carefully when you change a nappy, to remove bacteria from her skin. Then apply a good barrier cream, such as zinc and castor oil, petroleum jelly or another nappy preparation cream.